The dry climate and dramatic red rock landscapes help tie the region together despite the dramatic differences in elevation. [51] The Hopi settled the lands of the central and western portions of northern Arizona. [24] The Mojave gets less than 6in (150mm) of rain annually, and its elevation ranges from 3,000 to 6,000 feet (900 to 1,800 meters) above sea level. [3] One such definition is from the Mojave Desert in California in the west (117 west longitude) to Carlsbad, New Mexico in the east (104 west longitude); another says that it extends from the MexicoUnited States border in the south to the southern areas of Colorado, Utah, and Nevada in the north (39 north latitude). grassroots elite basketball ; why does ted lasso have a southern accent . ; They range in size from the palm of your hand to the size of a paperclip (3 in, 8 cm). [33], Human history in the Southwest begins with the arrival of the Clovis culture, a Paleo-Indian hunter-gatherer culture which arrived sometime around 9000 BC. The deserts dominate the southern and western reaches of the area, while the plateau (which is largely made up of high desert) is the main feature north of the Mogollon Rim. Intra-regional air service to the lesser cities can be much more expensive, due in part to the fact that Southwest has no agreements with commuter airlines that service the smaller airports. If you're feeling thirsty, you're already behind on your water intake. At least six people were killed after a dust storm caused dozens of vehicles to crash along a major highway in Central . [39] This culture would go through several different eras lasting from approximately 1500 BC through the middle of the 15th century AD: the Basketmaker I, II, and III phases followed by the Pueblo I, II, III, and IV. New Mexico is bisected north-south by I-25, which runs from I-10 in Las Cruces though Albuquerque, Santa Fe and Denver into Wyoming. [141], Mammal species include the bobcat, coyote, black bear, black-tailed jackrabbit, desert cottontail, desert bighorn sheep, mule deer, white-tailed deer, gray fox, mountain lion, river otter, long-tailed weasel, western spotted skunk, pronghorn, raccoon, and Ord's kangaroo rat, all of which can be found in parts of every southwestern state. The main cities and urban areas in Arizona are Phoenix, Tucson and Flagstaff. WisDOT Southeast Region Communications Manager (262) 548-6702 Daniel.Sellers@dot.wi.gov Wisconsin Department of Transportation Southeast Region 141 NW Barstow St. P.O. Southwest Region Office 1501 Kilgore Rd. Also, it is best to hike during the earlier part of the day, as thunderstorms tend to develop suddenly during the afternoon. Common in the Sonoran Desert, the bark scorpion is light brown. Shortest Arizona highway. Reed's definition is roughly equivalent to the western half of the Learning Center of the American Southwest's definition, leaving out any portion of Kansas and Oklahoma, and much of Texas, as well as the eastern half of New Mexico. Sunburns can range from uncomfortable to serious damage requiring medical attention. These pupfishes often thrive in water considerably higher in temperature and dissolved solids than most fish can tolerate. [21] While it is the second largest desert in the United States,[20] only a third of the desert is within the United States, with the rest in Mexico. The Southwestern Center for Herpetological Research defines the Southwest as being only the states of Arizona, New Mexico, with parts of California, Nevada, Texas, and Utah; although they include all of those six states in their map of the region, solely for ease of defining the border. [21] The Chihuahuan Desert is considered the "most biologically diverse desert in the Western Hemisphere and one of the most diverse in the world", and includes more species of cacti than any other desert in the world. 5 things to do in southwest . Albuquerque (also the 4th largest MSA), Of the four major professional sports, Phoenix and Las Vegas are the only metropolitan areas in the Southwest that have representatives. [125] Although the present-day state of Oklahoma was Indian Territory until the early 20th century, many of these American Indians were from the southeastern United States and became culturally assimilated early on. Answer (1 of 6): Others have mentioned I-40, I-44, and I-35, so no more to say about them. Here's how they got there", "Asian American Culture and Heritage in Albuquerque, New Mexico", "Las Cruces Mayor Miyagishima Won't Seek Re-election", "Top 50 Cities in the U.S. by Population and Rank", "10 fastest-growing states - Winner: Nevada (1) - CNNMoney.com", "Sun, scenery, history mark Spring Training baseball in Arizona, Florida", "Super Bowl XLII: Giants 17 Patriots 14; Road Warrior Giants Bring It Home", "Champion Arizona Rattlers to parade through Phoenix", "LPGA Vision for Founders Cup Now Long-Term Reality", "Tucson Classic added to Champions Tour schedule", "BMO Harris Bank Announces Multi-Year Sponsorship of The Phoenix Marathon", "Las Vegas Strip to close for marathon runners", "Ranking the Greatest Las Vegas Fights in Boxing History", "About the Wrangler National Finals Rodeo", "How Las Vegas Became the Boxing Capital of the World", "Pac-12 to bring basketball tourney to MGM Grand Garden", "Royal Purple Announced as Bowl Game's Title Sponsor", American Southwest, a National Park Service, Water-use Trends in the Desert Southwest, 19502000, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southwestern_United_States&oldid=1150946361, Bozanic, Andrew D. A., "Preserving Pictures of the Past: The Packaging and Selling of the American Southwest with an Emphasis on the Historic Preservation,", Garcia, Richard A. [153] Albuquerque receives less snow than other cities, but still receives significant snowfalls occasionally in the winter. [20], The most northwest portion of the American Southwest is covered by the Mojave Desert. Black widows are a form of spider common to this area. [143] A U.S. This area of the desert land generally sits at a very high elevation, much higher than the normal desert land, and can receive very cold temperatures at night in the winter (with the exception of California, southern Nevada and southwestern Utah), sometimes near zero degrees on very cold nights. For the most part you can find a diner or a place selling "American Food" in any town, and in most places you should be able to find a fast food chain, be it a regional or national one. [165][166] Also, the region as a whole has witnessed some of the highest population growth in the United States, and according to the US Census Bureau, in 20082009, Utah was the fastest-growing state in America. Other federal areas include the ApacheSitgreaves National Forests and Tumacacori National Historical Park. Additionally, Arizona (24.6%), Utah (23.8%), Texas (20.6%), and Colorado (16.9%) were all in the top ten fastest-growing states as well.[167]. This is due mainly to the higher altitude and abundant sunshine in these states. Species include Canadian (Branta canadensis) and snow geese, sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis),[127] and the roadrunner, the state bird of New Mexico and most famous bird in the region, is found in all states of the Southwest. what are the major highways in the southwest region. [55] Both major tribes of the O'odham tribe settled in the southern and central Arizona, in the lands once controlled by their ancestors, the Hohokam. 4 major highways in the southeast region. 2 min read. On Sunday, a tornado was confirmed shortly after 6 p.m. The Mountain West Conference also has two teams, the UNLV Rebels and the University of New Mexico Lobos. Their village of Oraibi, settled in approximately AD 1100, is, along with Acoma Sky City in New Mexico, one of the oldest continuously occupied settlements in the United States. Do not harass these bees or approach a hive. The Rio Grande Valley of New Mexico from Albuquerque to Taos was the site of some of the first permanent European settlements in the country, and many towns in the area hold on to their Spanish roots, with the town plan of a central plaza and an adobe church overlooking it, surrounded by small adobe homes. Other federal areas include Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest, Lake Mead National Recreation Area, and Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area. [62], In 1664 Juan Archuleta led an expedition into what is now Colorado, becoming the first European to enter. [29] But that is one of many dramatic vistas included within the Plateau, which includes spectacular lava formations, "painted" deserts, sand dunes, and badlands. Burns also mark you as a tourist or non-native to the area. In the 1500s Spanish explorers arrived and remained a dominant military force for nearly three hundred years. Nevada has one national park at Great Basin, and the national monuments of Basin and Range, Gold Butte, and Tule Springs Fossil Beds. The High Desert also extends into parts of the Northwest, such as the Red Desert in southwestern Wyoming. It highlights all 50 states and capital cities, including the nation's capital city of Washington, DC. [73] In 1846, the Southwest became embroiled in the MexicanAmerican War, partly as a result of the United States' annexation of Texas. Over approximately the next 50 years, the Spanish continued to explore the Southwest, and in 1776 the City of Tucson was founded when the Presidio San Augustin del Tucson was created, relocating the presidio from Tubac. "Changing Chicano Historiography,", Prampolini, Gaetano, and Annamaria Pinazzi (eds). All of the National Parks offer a range of trails, from easy, paved walks to strenuous hikes. However, it is generally considered to include the states of New Mexico and Arizona and all or parts of Oklahoma, Colorado, Utah, Nevada, and Texas. [23][24] It is bounded on the northwest by the Mojave Desert, to the north by the Colorado Plateau and to the east by the Arizona Mountains forests and the Chihuahuan Desert. Other lizards include: Sonoran collared lizard (Crotaphytus nebrius); several types of geckos, including western banded gecko (Coleonyx variegatus), the common house gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus), and the Mediterranean house gecko (Hemidactylus turcicus), the last two species being non-native to the region but have been introduced; the desert iguana (Dipsosaurus dorsalis); the chuckwalla (Sauromalus ater); the greater earless lizard (Cophosaurus texanus scitulus); several sub-species of horned lizards (Phrynosoma); numerous species of spiny lizards (Sceloporus); Gilbert's skink (Plestiodon gilberti); the western skink (Plestiodon skiltonianus); Trans-Pecos striped whiptail (Aspidoscelis inornata heptagrammus); and the Arizona night lizard (Xantusia arizonae). Population change in the South east between 1970 and 1990. Also, the McAlester to Muskogee portion is Interstate style controlled access. The modern Indian tribes of the Isleta, Hopi, Zuni, Sandia, Cochiti, Santa Ana, Taos, Acoma, and Laguna trace their ancestry back to the ancestral Puebloans,[44] while the Akimel O'odham and Tohono O'odham claim descent from Hohokam. "[120], However, archeologist, Erik Reed, gives a description which is the most widely accepted as defining the American Southwest, which runs from Durango, Colorado in the north, to Durango, Mexico, in the south, and from Las Vegas, Nevada in the west to Las Vegas, New Mexico in the East. The American Southwest contains more than its fair share of natural wonders: Grand Canyon, Arches National Park, and Carlsbad Caverns National Park are only three of the most famous natural attractions that draw people from all over the world. By 1977, the Society's definition had narrowed to only the four states of Utah, Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico; and by 1982 the portion of the Southwest in the United States, as defined by the Society, had shrunk to Arizona and New Mexico, with the southernmost strip of Utah and Colorado, as well as the Mojave and Colorado deserts in California. [22] The most prolific plants in this region are agave, yucca and creosote bushes,[20] in addition to the ubiquitous presence of various cacti species. March 11, 2023. what are the major highways in the southwest region The larger national parks and museums in the region provide signage and reading materials in other common languages such as German, French and Japanese. [95][96][97], Utah, as shown above, evolved out of the Utah Territory, as pieces of the original territory created in 1850 were carved out: parts were ceded to Nevada, Wyoming, and Colorado in 1861; another section to Nevada in 1862; and the final section to Nevada in 1866. The Southwestern United States, also known as the American Southwest or simply the Southwest, is a geographic and cultural region of the United States that includes Arizona and New Mexico, along with adjacent portions of California, Colorado, Nevada, Oklahoma, Texas, and Utah. Other federal park areas include Chaco Culture National Historical Park, Pecos National Historical Park, Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, and the national forests of Apache, Carson, Gila, Lincoln, and Santa Fe. Interstate Highways in Oklahoma form a network of freeways that cross the state. Any town anywhere in New Mexico will have a diner selling both American and New Mexican food, and specific recipes may vary. New Mexico has a distinctive cuisine of its own, characterized by chile (chile, not chili) peppers, pork, beans, blue corn, and other common ingredients. [41] Their settlements would evolve over time from pit-dwellings through pueblos and finally also incorporating cliff-dwellings. [160] But there are also significant populations of Asian Americans in Las Vegas, Phoenix, Albuquerque, and Las Cruces. [32] Albuquerque is the most populous city often considered at the edge of this portion contained in the Southwest region, but Santa Fe, New Mexico and Flagstaff, Arizona, are also significant population centers. [86] The Nevada Territory was also organized in 1861, on March 2, with land taken from the existing Utah Territory. It borders New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, California, touches Colorado, and has a 373-mile international border with the states of Sonora and Baja California in . National monuments include Aztec Ruins, Bandelier, El Malpais, El Morro, Gila Cliff Dwellings, Kasha-Katuwe Tent Rocks, Organ MountainsDesert Peaks, Petroglyph, Rio Grande del Norte, and Salinas Pueblo Missions. [53] They settled throughout New Mexico, eastern Arizona, northern Mexico, parts of western Texas, and southern Colorado. Steppe is also located all over the high plains areas in Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas. Salt Lake City, site of the 2002 Winter Olympics, is about 60 miles from nearly a dozen ski and snowboarding resorts in the Wasatch Range just to the east. In the event you encounter inclement weather conditions, seek high ground immediately! The Southwest Region consists of Columbia, Crawford, Dane, Dodge, Grant, Green, Iowa, Jefferson, Juneau, La Crosse, Lafayette, Monroe, Richland, Rock, Sauk and Vernon counties. Under La Nia, the opposite happens, meaning the cool and wet weather tends to stay farther north. Be warned that alcoholic beverages are forbidden in the Navajo Nation and in many other American Indian pueblos and reservations. I-80 serves a similar function for Nevada and Utah. Maps of Southwest and West USA - The American Southwest Interactive map, showing all parks, preserves, trails and other locations Click one of the Southwest USA states for a more detailed map: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Texas and Wyoming. [128] Birds of prey include the red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis), Cooper's hawk (Accipiter cooperii), the osprey (Pandion haliaetus), golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos), Harris's hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus),[129] American kestrel (Falco sparverius), peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus),[130] the gray hawk (Buteo plagiatus),[131] the barn owl (Tyto alba), the western screech owl (Megascops kennicottii), the great horned owl (Bubo virginianus), the elf owl (Micrathene whitneyi), and the burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia)[132], Other bird species include the turkey vulture (Cathartes aura), the black vulture (Coragyps atratus),[133] the northern cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis), the blue grosbeak (Passerina caerulea),[134] the house finch (Haemorhous mexicanus), the lesser goldfinch (Spinus psaltria),[135] the broad-billed hummingbird (Cynanthus latirostris), the black-chinned hummingbird (Archilochus alexandri), Costa's hummingbird (Calypte costae),[136] Gambel's quail (Callipepla gambelii),[137] the common raven (Corvus corax),[138] the Gila woodpecker (Melanerpes uropygialis), the gilded flicker (Colaptes chrysoides),[139] the cactus wren (Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus), and the rock wren (Salpinctes obsoletus). By Posted sevier county septic records In patton state hospital rn salary Fort Toulouse-Fort Jackson Historic Site Grave of General Braxton Bragg Grave of General William J. Hardee Gulf Shores, Alabama Historic Sites & Points of Interest Gulf State Park Gun from C.S.S. [24] The most dramatic example is the Grand Canyon. The desert lands found in Eastern Utah, Northern Arizona, Colorado and New Mexico are usually referred to as the high desert. [79] Texas current borders were set in the Compromise of 1850, where Texas ceded land to the federal government in exchange for $10 million, which would go to paying off the debt Texas had accumulated in its war with Mexico. Do not approach or disturb them - they are wild animals. Many desert and mountain areas do not have cell phone reception; it is vital to bring maps and tell someone where you will be going and when you expect to return. Several of them incorporated existing or already-planned turnpikes and continue to be maintained by the Oklahoma Turnpike Authority. Rattler bites can be fatal. In 1869, John Wesley Powell led a 3-month expedition which explored the Grand Canyon and the Colorado River. Other federal areas include Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Dixie National Forest, and MantiLa Sal National Forest. Elk are found in parts of Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, and Arizona. He calls the first subregion "Northern New Mexico", and describes it as focused on Albuquerque and Santa Fe. The Pueblo (sometimes known as the Anasazi) people inhabited the area for well over one thousand years, but disappeared during the 12th or 13th century AD. On August 18, 1846, an American force captured Santa Fe, New Mexico. The largest metropolitan areas are centered around Phoenix (with an estimated population of more than 5 million as of 2020[update]), Las Vegas (more than 2.2 million), Tucson (more than 1 million), Albuquerque (more than 900,000), and El Paso (more than 840,000). New Mexico has two national parks, at Carlsbad Caverns and White Sands. What this means is what kind of chile you want on your dish, red chile (which tends to be the hottest) or green chile. [54] The Zuni count their direct ancestry through the ancestral Puebloans. The Wilderness Road passed through the Cumberland Gap, a natural opening in the Appalachian mountain range, and became one of the main routes westward. It is vital to constantly drink water in the summer. [99] It was the last roadblock for Utah entering the Union, and on January 4, 1896, Utah was officially granted statehood, becoming the 45th state.[100]. Oklahoma's state highways serve as the second-lowest tier on the Oklahoma road system. Although cacti are thought[by whom?] Road Closure Hotline: (520) 547-7510. High above the desert, these forest-covered and sometimes snow-capped mountains form sky islands, with radically different flora and fauna than the surrounding desert below. An individual sting in unpleasant and painful, multiple stings can lead to death. Length (mi) Length (km) Southern or western terminus. [58] The 15823 expedition of Antonio de Espejo explored New Mexico and eastern Arizona;[59] and this led to Juan de Oate's establishment of the Spanish province of Santa Fe de Nuevo Mxico in 1598, with a capital founded near Ohkay Oweenge Pueblo, which he called San Juan de los Caballeros. The dry, cold conditions in the northern mountainous regions make for excellent skiing, while the desert heat is perfect for those looking to escape winter's bite. North Central Region | Northeast Region | Northwest Region | Southeast Region | Southwest Region. [2] Number. The American Southwest is filled with some of the country's most impressive national parks and monuments. [80], Following the Mexican Cession, the lands of what had been the Mexican territory of Alta California were in flux: portions of what is now New Mexico were claimed, but never controlled, by Texas. Gray wolf, Indigenous peoples of the North American Southwest, The Exploration of the Colorado River and Its Canyons, region known as "the Southwestern United States", Rio Grande Silvery Minnow v. Bureau of Reclamation, Canyons of the Ancients National Monument, Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area, "Census Regions and Divisions of the United States", "Annual Resident Population Estimates for Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas and Their Geographic Components: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2019; April 1, 2020; and July 78, 2020", "Land, Sky, and People: The Southwest Defined The Problem: No Consistent Definition", "Land, Sky, and People: The Southwest Defined", "Favorite Southwestern, Mexican and Tex-Mex Recipes", "The 10 Best Songs of New Mexico Music, America's Forgotten Folk Genre", "The problem with how the music streaming industry handles data", "Touring the American Southwest in a cowboy's boots", "Southern North America: Southwestern United States into northwestern Mexico", "The American Southwest; Footsteps of the Ancients Expedition", "The Geologic Origin of the Sonoran Desert", "Community Responses to Wildland Fire Threats in Arizona", "The Colorado Plateau Region (page 4 of 4)", "The Colorado Plateau Region (page 1 of 4)", "Peoples of the Mesa Verde Region: Overview", "Hohokam Canals: Prehistoric Engineering", "A Brief History of the Casa Grande Ruins", "Domnguez and Escalante Expedition Year 1775", "A Cuarto Centennial History of New Mexico, Chapter Six: The Territorial Period", "Utah Territory's creation in 1850 paved way to statehood", "Native History: Colorado Territory Created Amidst Gold Rush", "Act of Congress (1861) Organizing the Territory of Nevada", "The Colorful History of the California/Nevada State Boundary", "Ordinance of Secession of the Arizona Territory", "Historical Development of Arizona and New Mexico Boundaries", "Proclamation of the Admission of Colorado to the Union", "Arizona Explained: How statehood happened", "The Manifesto and the End of Plural Marriage", "The Beginnings of the U.S. Geological Survey", http://www.fws.gov/southwest/es/mexicanwolf/pdf/fNR_Mexican_Wolf_winter_count_joint_Feb13-2015.pdf, "Balmorhea State Park Endangered Species and San Solomon Springs Texas Parks & Wildlife Department", "Climate-driven megadrought is emerging in western US, study says", "Large contribution from anthropogenic warming to an emerging North American megadrought", "Total Population: Asian Alone or in combination with one or more other races", "Asian Americans in Nevada are highly sought-after voters", "Asian-owned businesses are flourishing in the East Valley. On the other hand, in Utah (particularly all of Northern and Central Utah and the Dixie region) most of the historical sites are based around the Mormon Pioneers who transformed what many considered to be an uninhabitable wasteland into a thriving oasis of farmland and neatly planned cities and towns. The majority of the Southwest is public land, and just about anywhere you go you'll find a trail. In Arizona this is commonly known as the. Arizona is known as the Grand Canyon State. Hispanic and Latino Americans, mainly Hispanos and Mexican Americans,[158] can be found in large numbers in every major city in the Southwest such as El Paso (80%), San Antonio (63%), Albuquerque (47%), Phoenix (43%), Tucson (41%), Las Vegas (32%), and Mesa (27%). Phoenix -- home base and largest hub for Southwest Airlines, as well as a major hub for American Airlines; a major airport with service to a number of international destinations; Tucson also has limited international service. Climate-related challenges also increase . The region between the two cities is a major transportation trunk with settlements serving both highway and railway needs. Since this article is about the Southwestern United States, the areas of Sonora and Chihuahua in Mexico will be excluded. A pair of weekend tornadoes struck along the coastal Atlantic touching down on Virginia and Florida as powerful winds and heavy rains hit parts of the South. [49] The Ute were found over most of modern-day Utah and Colorado, as well as northern New Mexico and Arizona. . The terrain is incredibly varied. If you see a sign that says "Do Not Cross When Flooded", take it seriously and find another way. Southwest, region, southwestern United States, historically denoting several geographic areas in turn and changing over the years as the nation expanded. There are quite a few salamanders throughout the region, including: the Arizona tiger salamander (Ambystoma mavortium nebulosum) and the painted ensatina (Ensatina eschscholtzii picta).[148]. [157] In addition to regional African American and Asian American groups. There are poisonous animals in the desert. schneider funeral home mt vernon in obituaries what are the major highways in the southwest region. [103], Copper was also discovered in 1877, near Bisbee and Jerome in Arizona, which became an important component of the economy of the Southwest. The Navajo, along with the Hopi, were the earliest of the modern Indian tribes to develop in the Southwest. [142] The Mexican wolf (Canis lupus baileyi) was reintroduced to Arizona and New Mexico in 1998. South West - National Highways South West 620 miles of motorway and strategic A-roads are at the heart of the South West's economic potential. You could get caught in a flash flood, and you don't know what's under the water. These large fires destroy homes, entire towns, wildlife, and huge swaths of forest. [85], The Colorado Territory was organized on February 28, 1861, created out of lands then currently in the Utah, Kansas, Nebraska, and New Mexico territories. Map of Northeastern States (outline). Production began in 1880 and was made more profitable by the expansion of the railroad throughout the territory during the 1880s. [189] Other major rodeo events include the week-long Fiesta de los Vaqueros in Tucson,[190] the World's Oldest Rodeo in Prescott, Arizona,[191] the Southwestern International PRCA Rodeo in El Paso, Texas,[192] and the Rodeo de Santa Fe, one of the nation's premier rodeos.[193]. While the region's boundaries are not officially defined, there have been attempts to do so. Be sure to prepare for any hike: pack lots of water, apply sunscreen, and watch for rapidly changing conditions. Eastern segment; New York signs the western end of the east segment at US 11 south of the border crossing; Maine signs the eastern end at I-95 west of the border crossing. This US road map displays major interstate highways, limited-access highways, and principal roads in the United States of America. Despite the intense heat, it is good to wear very thin layers of clothing that cover as much skin as possible: long sleeves and long pants such as of breathable, quick-dry fabrics. Texas and Oklahoma are also part of the U.S. region called the South. As the US expanded westward, the country's western border also shifted westward, and consequently, so did the location of the Southwestern and Northwestern United States. [42] Beginning in approximately AD 600, the Hohokam began to develop an extensive series of irrigation canals;[43] of the three major cultures in the Southwest, only the Hohokam developed irrigation as a means of watering their agriculture. Primary Interstate Highwaysare the major interstate highwaysof the United Statesand have a one or two-digit route number. In the 1930s and 1940s, many definitions of the Southwest included all or part of Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Arizona, California, Colorado, and Utah.
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